Glycol Chitosan Based Nanoparticles Delivering Cisplatin For The Treatment Of Cancer

Mitchell Mills

School Name

South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics

Grade Level

12th Grade

Presentation Topic

Biochemistry

Presentation Type

Mentored

Mentor

Mentor: Peisheng Xu, Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina

Abstract

Conventional chemotherapy regimens always result in severe systemic toxicity and low anticancer efficacy due to the low water-solubility, short blood circulation time, and non-specific tissue accumulation of anticancer drugs. A promising strategy is using nanoparticles as carriers to deliver those drugs. Nanoparticles have the capacity to improve the drugs’ anticancer behaviors by increasing their solubility, prolonging their circulation time in the blood stream, and controlling the drug’s specific accumulation and release in tumor tissue either by passive or active targeting mechanism. Cisplatin is a platinum-containing anticancer drug and is clinically used for treatment of testicular, bladder, and ovarian cancers. Its effectiveness is compromised by its gastrointestinal toxicity, renal toxicity, and peripheral neuropathy. Remarkable efforts are urgently needed to improve cisplatin’s therapeutic properties and attenuate its side effects. Glycol chitosan (GCS) based nanoparticles might be an ideal candidate for cisplatin delivery since GCS is biodegradable and biocompatible. They have been widely investigated as drug carriers for cancer therapy. Here we propose to utilize GCS based nanoparticle to enhance the delivery of cisplatin. After synthesizing several different nanoparticles, the most ideal were used in an in vitro experiment with SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells to test the vitality rate of the cells when combined with the nanoparticle. At higher concentrations, the result is promising.

Start Date

4-11-2015 9:45 AM

End Date

4-11-2015 10:00 AM

COinS
 
Apr 11th, 9:45 AM Apr 11th, 10:00 AM

Glycol Chitosan Based Nanoparticles Delivering Cisplatin For The Treatment Of Cancer

Conventional chemotherapy regimens always result in severe systemic toxicity and low anticancer efficacy due to the low water-solubility, short blood circulation time, and non-specific tissue accumulation of anticancer drugs. A promising strategy is using nanoparticles as carriers to deliver those drugs. Nanoparticles have the capacity to improve the drugs’ anticancer behaviors by increasing their solubility, prolonging their circulation time in the blood stream, and controlling the drug’s specific accumulation and release in tumor tissue either by passive or active targeting mechanism. Cisplatin is a platinum-containing anticancer drug and is clinically used for treatment of testicular, bladder, and ovarian cancers. Its effectiveness is compromised by its gastrointestinal toxicity, renal toxicity, and peripheral neuropathy. Remarkable efforts are urgently needed to improve cisplatin’s therapeutic properties and attenuate its side effects. Glycol chitosan (GCS) based nanoparticles might be an ideal candidate for cisplatin delivery since GCS is biodegradable and biocompatible. They have been widely investigated as drug carriers for cancer therapy. Here we propose to utilize GCS based nanoparticle to enhance the delivery of cisplatin. After synthesizing several different nanoparticles, the most ideal were used in an in vitro experiment with SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells to test the vitality rate of the cells when combined with the nanoparticle. At higher concentrations, the result is promising.